Threats and challenges of the Russian labor market

The stable functioning of the labor market is the key to the successful development of the economic system of the state. Over the past 5 years, the Russian labor market has faced the coronavirus pandemic and restrictions introduced to counter it. The impact of the pandemic was manifested in a change in the length of the working day, the form of employment, an increase in the unemployment rate, and workers were forced to adapt to new conditions by mastering additional skills in information systems.

The article shows that for the period 2017-2021. 28% of employees were fired or had their working hours reduced; the share of the labor force in the Russian economy decreased by 4.56%, and their average age increased to 36.9 years; the share of the unemployed with no work experience increased in absolute terms by 4.4% and reached 26.1%; the number of unemployed in 2020 amounted to 4316 thousand people, although a year earlier this figure was at the level of 3461.2 thousand people. Another kind of problem is the lack of career guidance for young people: as of 2021, 26.4% of young people after graduation from the university work in a field that is not related to their profession.

Changes in the geopolitical situation in the world, the introduction of unilateral sanctions by a number of states, the withdrawal of foreign companies from the Russian market led to an outflow of personnel: for the first half of 2022.

The article shows this problem on the example of the outflow of IT-specialists, which amounted to more than 40 thousand people, with the existing shortage of IT-technologies in 170 thousand employees.

To stabilize the current situation, the state is taking a number of necessary measures aimed at supporting the affected industries, areas, and personnel in the Russian economy.

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13. COVID-19 i sfera truda 2021. Oficial’nyj sajt Mezhdunarodnoj organizacii truda: informacionno-analiticheskij material [COVID-19 and the sphere of labor 2021. Official website of the International Labour Organization: information and analytical material]. [Elektronnyj resurs]. URL: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---europe/---ro-geneva/---sromoscow/documents/briefingnote/wcms_767671.pdf (data obrashcheniya 26.08.2022) [in Russian].

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